Basic Properties of Silicon

Basic properties of silicon (Figure 1)

Silicon has long been closely linked to human civilization. Clay and cement contain silicon: clay is used for pottery and bricks, while cement is used in concrete. More recently, silicon's semiconductor properties have had a major impact on technological innovation.

Atomic Weight	28.8055
Color	Metallic blue
Phase	Solid
Melting Point	1414 °C
Boiling Point	3265 °C
Crystal Structure	Diamond cubic
Element Category	Metalloid
Atomic Number	14

Electron Configuration of Silicon

Basic properties of silicon (Figure 2)

Elements are arranged from left to right by atomic number. Silicon has atomic number 14 and belongs to Period 3, Group 14. With shell capacities of K (2), L (8), M (18), and N (32), its electrons fill the K-shell 1s orbital, the L-shell 2s and 2p orbitals, and the M-shell 3s orbital. The remaining two electrons occupy 3p orbitals.

Basic Properties of Silicon

Basic Properties of Silicon

Basic Properties of Silicon

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